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LASIK Terms Glossary

Ablate

in surgery, is to remove.

Ablation zone

the area of tissue that is removed during laser surgery.

Accommodation

the ability of the eye to change its focus from distant objects to near objects.

Acuity

clearness, or sharpness of vision.

Astigmatism

a distortion of the image on the retina caused by irregularities in the cornea or lens.

Conventional LASIK

another term for LASIK which refers to creating a flap in the cornea with a microkeratome and using a laser to reshape the underlying cornea.

Cornea

the clear, front part of the eye. The cornea is the first part of the eye that bends (or refracts) the light and provides most of the focusing power.

Custom

a measure of the total refractive errors of the eye, including nearsightedness, farsightedness, astigmatism, and other refractive errors that cannot be corrected with glasses or contacts.

Diopter

the measurement of refractive error. A negative diopter value signifies an eye with myopia and positive diopter value signifies an eye with hyperopia.

Dry Eye Syndrome

a common condition that occurs when the eyes do not produce enough tears to keep the eye moist and comfortable. Common symptoms of dry eye include pain, stinging, burning, scratchiness, and intermittent blurring of vision.

Endothelium

the inner layer of cells on the inside surface of the cornea.

Epithelium

the outermost layer of cells of the cornea and the eye's first defense against infection.

Excimer laser

an ultraviolet laser used in refractive surgery to remove corneal tissue.

Farsightedness

the common term for hyperopia.

FDA

the abbreviation for the Food and Drug Administration. It is the United States governmental agency responsible for the evaluation and approval of medical devices.

Ghost Image

a fainter second image of the object you are viewing.

Glare

scatter from bright light that decreases vision.

Halos

are rings around lights due to optical imperfections in or in front of the eye.

Haze

corneal clouding that causes the sensation of looking through smoke or fog.

Higher order aberrations

refractive errors, other than nearsightedness, farsightedness, and astigmatism, that cannot be corrected with glasses or contacts.

Hyperopia

the inability to see near objects as clearly as distant objects, and the need for accommodation to see distant objects clearly.

Inflammation

the body's reaction to trauma, infection, or a foreign substance, often associated with pain, heat, redness, swelling, and/or loss of function.

Informed Consent Form

a document disclosing the risks, benefits, and alternatives to a procedure.

IntraLase

IntraLase is the manufacturer of a femtosecond laser for use in creating a LASIK flap and other precise corneal incisions.

IntraLASIK

LASIK with the corneal flap being created by a femtosecond laser rather than with a mechanical microkeratome.

In Situ

a Latin term meaning "in place" or not removed.

IOL

an acronym for Intraocular Lens, an IOL is a man-made silicon or plastic lens used to replace the natural crystalline lens of the eye. IOL’s are used in cataract surgery, Phakic Intraocular Lens (P-IOL) implantation, or Clear Lens Exchange.

Iris

the colored ring of tissue suspended behind the cornea and immediately in front of the lens.

Keratectomy

the surgical removal of corneal tissue.

Keratotomy

a surgical incision (cut) of the cornea.

Keratitis

inflammation of the cornea.

Kerato

prefix indicating relationship to the cornea.

Keratoconus

a disorder characterized by an irregular corneal surface (cone-shaped) resulting in blurred and distorted images.

Keratomileusis

carving of the cornea to reshape it.

LASEK

LASEK is similar to PRK in that the top layer of the cornea is removed, and no flap is cut. The difference between LASEK and PRK is that the top layer of the cornea is removed by a laser instead of being scraped away as with PRK.

Laser

the acronym for light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation. A laser is an instrument that produces a powerful beam of light that can vaporize tissue.

Laser Vision Correction

a generic term for any the variations of the LASIK procedure.

LASIC Eye Surgery

LASIC is a common misspelling of LASIK, and is not a distinct procedure. There is no such thing as "LASIC Eye Surgery."

LASIK

the acronym for laser assisted in situ keratomileusis which refers to creating a flap in the cornea with a microkeratome and using a laser to reshape the underlying cornea.

Lens

a part of the eye that provides some focusing power. The lens is able to change shape allowing the eye to focus at different distances.

Microkeratome

a surgical device that is affixed to the eye by use of a vacuum ring. When secured, a very sharp blade cuts a layer of the cornea at a predetermined depth.

Monovision

the purposeful adjustment of one eye for near vision and the other eye fordistance vision.

Myopia

the inability to see distant objects as clearly as near objects.

Nearsightedness

the common term for myopia.

Ophthalmologist

a medical doctor specializing in the diagnosis and medical or surgical treatment of visual disorders and eye disease.

Optician

an expert in the art and science of making and fitting glasses and may also dispense contact lenses.

Optometrist

a primary eye care provider who diagnoses, manages, and treats disorders of the visual system and eye diseases.

Overcorrection

a complication of refractive surgery where the achieved amount of correction is more than desired.

Pachymetry

Measuring of the thickness of the cornea with ultrasound machine. The purpose of measuring is to determine the thickness of the cornea prior to PRK or LASIK treatment, so as not to exceed the maximum treatment depth.

PRK

the acronym for photorefractive keratectomy which is a procedure involving the removal of the surface layer of the cornea (epithelium) by gentle scraping and use of a computer-controlled excimer laser to reshape the stroma.

Presbyopia

the inability to maintain a clear image (focus) as objects are moved closer.

Presbyopia

is due to reduced elasticity of the lens with increasing age.

Pupil

a hole in the center of the iris that changes size in response to changes in lighting. It gets larger in dim lighting conditions and gets smaller in brighter lighting conditions.

Radial Keratotomy

commonly referred to as RK; a surgical procedure designed to correct myopia (nearsightedness) by flattening the cornea using radial cuts.

Refraction

a test to determine the refractive power of the eye; also, the bending of light as it passes from one medium into another.

Refractive Errors

imperfections in the focusing power of the eye, for example, hyperopia, myopia, and astigmatism.

Refractive Power

the ability of an object, such as the eye, to bend light as light passes through it.

Retina

a layer of fine sensory tissue that lines the inside wall of the eye. The retina acts like the film in a camera to capture images, transforms the images into electrical signals, and sends the signals to the brain.

Sclera

the tough, white, outer layer (coat) of the eyeball that, along with the cornea, protects the eyeball.

Snellen Visual Acuity Chart

one of many charts used to measure vision.

Standard LASIK

another term for LASIK which refers to creating a flap in the cornea with a microkeratome and using a laser to reshape the underlying cornea.

Stroma

the middle, thickest layer of tissue in the cornea.

Traditional LASIK

another term for LASIK which refers to creating a flap in the cornea with a microkeratome and using a laser to reshape the underlying cornea.

Undercorrection

a complication of refractive surgery where the achieved amount of correction is less than desired.

Visual Acuity

the clearness of vision; the ability to distinguish details and shapes.

Vitreous Humor

the transparent, colorless mass of gel that lies behind the lens and in front of the retina and fills the center of the eyeball.

Wavefront

a measure of the total refractive errors of the eye, including nearsightedness, farsightedness, astigmatism, and other refractive errors that cannot be corrected with glasses or contacts.

* The majority of these definitions were taken directly from the FDA’s website at http://www.fda.gov/cdrh/LASIK/glossary.htm


Frequent Misspellings: LASIC, LASIC Eye Surgery, LASIC Surgeons.


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